Toward precision medicine: Prospect of asthma diagnosis related technology / 中国综合临床

Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. In recent years, the diagnosis and treatment of asthma tend to be precision medicine, and the individualized treatment of asthma is mainly based on individualized diagnosis. However, the pathogenesis of asthma is complex and the clinical phenotype is different, and its high heterogeneity also brings great challenges to realize individualized diagnosis and treatment, Diagnosis and evaluation based on multi-dimensional and multi-means is an important practical development direction.

Association between perfluorinated alkyl substances and depression / 环境与职业医学

Background Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of synthetic organic fluorides, which have adverse health effects on brain function, and limited research has been conducted on their effects on depression. Objective To assess potential correlation between serum PFAS and depression. Methods Using the 2015—2016 and 2017—2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets, 2626 subjects with complete relevant information in people ≥20 years old were selected. Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the association and dose-response relationship between serum PFAS concentration and depression. Subgroup analysis was performed on sex, age, race, education level, marital status, family income to poverty ratio, moderate exercise, body mass index, and drinking status. Results Among the 2626 subjects, there were 666 patients (25.4%) with mild or above depression. After adjusting for race, education level, marital status, body mass index, moderate exercise, drinking history, cotinine, and other types of PFAS, serum perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was positively associated with the risk of depression (OR=1.85, 95%CI: 1.14, 3.02), and showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship (χ2=6.37, Pnonlinear=0.012). Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) was inversely associated with the risk of depression (OR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.14, 0.39), and showed a linear dose-response relationship (Ptrend<0.001, χ2=35.13, Poverall<0.001). After subgroup analysis, it was found that males, 20-39 year-olds and 40-64 year-olds were more sensitive to PFNA exposure (OR=0.15, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.37; OR=0.16, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.40; OR=0.18, 95%CI: 0.08, 0.39). PFOS only showed a statistically significant health effect in people aged 20-39 years (OR=3.00, 95%CI: 1.14, 7.94). In addition, among subgroups of non-Hispanic blacks, cohabitants, current drinkers, high school graduates, and obese patients, exposure to PFAS was significantly associated with the risk of depression. Conclusion PFOS exposure may be associated with increased levels of depression, whereas PFNA exposure may be protective.

Detection of IgG protein in human urine based on vertical flow paper microfluidic chip / 生物工程学报

The kidney is the body's most important organ and the protein components in urine could be detected for diagnosing certain diseases. The amount of IgG protein in urine could be used to determine the degree of kidney function damage. IgG protein in human urine was detected by vertical flow paper-based microfluidic chip, double-antibody sandwich immunoreaction, and cell phone image processing. The results showed that using an IgG antibody concentration of 500 μg/mL and a gold standard antibody concentration of 100 μg/mL, the image signal showed a good linear relationship in the range of IgG concentration of 0.2-3.2 μg/mL, with R2=0.973 3 achieved. A complete set of detection devices were designed and the detection method showed good non-specificity.

Effect of follicular unit transplantation on hair loss of the head and face / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of follicular unit excision on the hair loss of head and face.Methods:From September 2019 to September 2020, 24 patients with hair loss of head and face who were treated in the plastic and aesthetic surgery of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital were used as the research objects. According to the characteristics of the patients′ hair loss areas, hair follicles were obtained from healthy scalp by using the follicular unit excision. After the operation, the survival of transplanted hair follicles, the direction of hair growth, and patient satisfaction were followed up to observe the repair effect.Results:Fifteen cases of partial scalp loss hair, 8 cases of partial loss of eyelashes, and 1 case of partial lack of eyelashes, after hair transplantation, the hair growth in the operation area was good, the direction was basically the same as that of the original hair, and the cosmetic effect of hair coverage was satisfactory. After 9-18 months of follow-up, the hair survived well.Conclusions:The use of follicular unit excision technology to repair the hair loss on the head and face is an ideal treatment method, with less trauma, quick recovery, and satisfactory cosmetic effects.

Whole-body PET tracking of a d-dodecapeptide and its radiotheranostic potential for PD-L1 overexpressing tumors

Peptides that are composed of dextrorotary (d)-amino acids have gained increasing attention as a potential therapeutic class. However, our understanding of the in vivo fate of d-peptides is limited. This highlights the need for whole-body, quantitative tracking of d-peptides to better understand how they interact with the living body. Here, we used mouse models to track the movement of a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-targeting d-dodecapeptide antagonist (DPA) using positron emission tomography (PET). More specifically, we profiled the metabolic routes of [64Cu]DPA and investigated the tumor engagement of [64Cu/68Ga]DPA in mouse models. Our results revealed that intact [64Cu/68Ga]DPA was primarily eliminated by the kidneys and had a notable accumulation in tumors. Moreover, a single dose of [64Cu]DPA effectively delayed tumor growth and improved the survival of mice. Collectively, these results not only deepen our knowledge of the in vivo fate of d-peptides, but also underscore the utility of d-peptides as radiopharmaceuticals.

Environmental exposure to e-cigarettes among adolescents and its preventive countermeasures / 环境与职业医学

In recent years, with the vigorous marketing of e-cigarette manufacturers, e-cigarettes have become a popular tobacco product for adolescents. The problem of e-cigarette environmental exposure among adolescents is also getting worse and its associated adverse impacts cannot be ignored. However, domestic research on the environmental exposure to e-cigarettes among youth is insufficient, and experience on e-cigarette regulation is also limited. This review first briefly introduced the definition and sources of e-cigarette environment exposure, then focused on the differences of e-cigarette environmental exposure among adolescents with different characteristics to identify possible influencing factors, as well as the impacts of e-cigarette environmental exposure on adolescents, and finally summarized international countermeasures to prevent e-cigarette environmental exposure in adolescents, aiming to provide directional guidance for China to conduct e-cigarette control activities among adolescents.

Research progress of neutrophil extracellular traps in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke / 中华神经科杂志

Ischemic stroke is one of the primary causes of death and disability worldwide. Neutrophils can release depolymerized chromatin and proteins to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and participate in intravascular thrombus formation. In recent years, NETs have received increasing attention in the study of acute ischemic stroke. The results indicate that NETs play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke. This review presented recent advances in the study of NETs in acute ischemic stroke.

Comparison of preparation for 177Lu-labeled radiopharmaceutical and its preliminary clinical application / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To investigate the preparation methods and quality control of 177Lu-labeled radiopharmaceuticals, and conduct preliminary clinical application research. Methods:177Lu-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)- D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (TOC) and 177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-I&T were labeled by manual labeling and automatic labeling, respectively. Factors such as the amount of precursor and nuclide, reaction temperature, pH value, reaction time, labeling yield and specific activity were investigated. Quality control of the products were carried out, such as clarity, pH value, sterility, bacterial endotoxin and stability in vitro. 177Lu-PSMA-I&T was applied to the treatment of prostate cancer patients, and the efficacy was evaluated by SPECT/CT imaging. Paired t test was used to analyze the data. Results:The amount of precursor and nuclide, reaction temperature, pH value and reaction time of the two methods were basically the same, both with high yield and specific activity. The yield of 177Lu-DOTA-TOC automatic labeling was significantly higher than that of manual labeling (99.2±0.4)% vs (95.3±1.5)% ( t=7.17, P<0.001), and the specific activity were (91.6±13.7) vs (89.1±13.2) GBq/μmol. The yield of 177Lu-PSMA-I&T automatic labeling was also significantly higher than that of manual labeling (99.6±0.3)% vs (95.7±1.3)% ( t=8.24, P<0.001), and the specific activity were (96.1±14.3) vs (93.2±13.8) GBq/μmol. The labeled products were colorless clear solution with pH value of 6.5-7.0. The sterility and bacterial endotoxin met the requirements. The radiochemical purity of the labeled products was more than 95% after 48 h, which showed good stability. The clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA-I&T in patients with prostate cancer showed that both primary and metastatic lesions had good uptake. Conclusions:The labeling of 177Lu radiopharmaceuticals is simple and has high yield and stability. The application of automatic labeling can simplify the process, improve the yield and reduce irradiation.

Effect of continuous shaping and compression in the comprehensive treatment of auricle keloids / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of continuous shaping and compression in the comprehensive treatment of auricle keloids.Methods:From June 2018 to April 2020, 40 patients with auricular keloids (53 ears) admitted to the Plastic Surgery Department of Henan Provincial People＇s Hospital were divided into surgical injection group (20 cases, 27 ears) and surgical injection compression group (20 cases, 26 ears) according to the treatment method. The patients were followed up for more than 18 months continuously; the clinical efficacy, satisfaction with auricle morphology, and the occurrence of infection and recurrence were observed in the two groups.Results:The effective rate of surgical injection compression group (24 ears, 92.31%) was higher than that of surgical injection group (16 ears, 59.26%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=5.121, P<0.05). The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) scores of the two groups at 6 months and 12 months after treatment were significantly lower than that before treatment, and the VSS score of the surgical injection compression group was lower than that of the surgical injection group, the difference was also statistically significant ( P<0.05). The satisfactory rate of the surgical injection compression group (22 ears, 84.62%) was higher than that of the surgical injection group (13 ears, 48.15%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=4.048, P<0.05). The recurrence rate of the surgical injection compression group was significantly lower than that of the surgical injection group (χ 2=5.779, P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the infection rate between the two groups of patients after treatment (χ 2=0.001, P>0.05). Conclusions:Surgical resection of auricle keloids combined with local injection of corticosteroids and local shaping and compression can significantly improve the clinical efficacy, maintain the shape of the auricle, and the therapeutic effect is satisfactory.

Isothermal amplification technology based on microfluidic chip / 生物工程学报

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the gold standard for nucleic acid amplification in molecular diagnostics. The PCR includes multiple reaction stages (denaturation, annealing, and extension), and a complicated thermalcycler is required to repetitively provide different temperatures for different stages for 30-40 cycles within at least 1-2 hours. Due to the complicated devices and the long amplification time, it is difficult to adopt conventional PCR in point-of-care testing (POCT). Comparing to conventional PCR, isothermal amplification is able to provide a much faster and more convenient nucleic acid detection because of highly efficient amplification at a constant reaction temperature provided by a simple heating device. When isothermal amplification is combined with microfluidics, a more competent platform for POCT can be established. For example, various diagnosis devices based on isothermal amplification have been used to rapidly and conveniently detect SARS-CoV-2 viruses. This review summarized the recent development and applications of the microfluidics-based isothermal amplification. First, different typical isothermal amplification methods and related detection methods have been introduced. Subsequently, different types of microfluidic systems with isothermal amplification were discussed based on their characteristics, for example, functionality, system structure, flow control, and operation principles. Furthermore, detection of pathogens (e.g. SARS-CoV-2 viruses) based on isothermal amplification was introduced. Finally, the combination of isothermal amplification with other new technologies, e.g. CRISPR, has been introduced as well.

Effect of endogenous nitric oxide on superoxide dismutase-1 activity and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effects of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) on the activity of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods:HUVECs were taken as the research object.The endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) short hairpin RNA(shRNA) lentivirus was employed to transfect HUVECs to knock down eNOS.HUVECs were divided in 4 groups: the scramble group, the eNOS shRNA group, the eNOS shRNA + sodium nitroprusside(SNP) group and the eNOS shRNA+ SNP+ tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) group.The protein expressions of eNOS and SOD1 dimer/monomer in cells were detected by western blot.The activity of SOD was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The NO content in cells was detected with NO fluorescence probe.The level of superoxide anion in HUVECs was detected with dihydropyridine (DHE). The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was adopted to detect the apoptosis of HUVECs in situ.Results:Compared with the scramble group, the endogenous NO content (2.690±0.420 vs.15.029±2.193, P<0.01), eNOS protein expression (1.000±0.778 vs.3.141±0.199, P<0.01), SOD1 dimer/monomer ratio (4.6±1.0 vs.7.6±2.0, P<0.05) and SOD activity [(0.432±0.254) Carmen′s unit/10 4 cell vs.(1.000±0.116) Carmen′s unit/10 4 cell, P<0.01] were significantly decreased, while the level of intracellular superoxide anion (11.180±1.560 vs.6.146±1.007, P<0.01) and HUVECs apoptosis [75.0 (55.0, 100.0)% vs.0 (0, 0)%, P<0.01] were significantly increased in the eNOS shRNA group.Compared with the eNOS shRNA group, the content of endogenous NO (16.705±0.116 vs.2.690±0.420, P<0.01), the ratio of SOD1 dimer/monomer (7.3±2.0 vs.4.6±1.0, P<0.05) and the activity of SOD [(0.737±0.060) Carmen′s unit/10 4 cell vs.(0.432±0.254) Carmen′s unit/10 4 cell, P<0.05] were significantly increased, while the level of superoxide anion (6.897±1.648 vs.11.180±1.560, P<0.01) and the HUVECs apoptosis [0 (0, 0)% vs.75.0 (55.0, 100.0)%, P<0.01] were significantly decreased in the eNOS shRNA+ SNP group.Compared with the eNOS shRNA + SNP group, the ratio of SOD1 dimer/monomer (4.4±0.9 vs.7.3±2.0, P<0.05) and the activity of SOD [(0.214±0.084) Carmen′s unit/10 4 cell vs.(0.737±0.060) Carmen′s unit/10 4 cell, P<0.01] were significantly decreased, while the level of superoxide anion (10.917±1.552 vs.6.897±1.640, P<0.01) and the apoptosis level of HUVECs[63.6 (55.0, 90.0)% vs.0 (0, 0)%, P<0.01] were significantly increased in the eNOS shRNA+ SNP+ TCEP group.However, there was no significant difference in the NO content (16.112±0.926 vs.16.705±0.116, P>0.05). Conclusions:Endogenous NO could effectively antagonize the apoptosis of endothelial cells by increasing the cysteine-dependent SOD1 dimer/monomer ratio, enhancing SOD activity and inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species.

Skin recurrence after remission of primary nasopharyngeal myeloid sarcoma: report of one case and review of literature / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To improve the awareness of primary myeloid sarcoma.Methods:The clinical data of one primary myeloid sarcoma patient with first symptom involving nasopharynx who was admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed.Results:The patient presented with nasal congestion with tinnitus; it took half a year for the myeloid sarcoma diagnosis to be clear with biopsy and immunohistochemical examinations for many times. The patient was treated with chemotherapy regimens for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Isolated myeloid sarcoma relapsed with skin masses after remission for more than 2 years. Further improvement of the bone marrow-related examinations showed that the bone marrow was not involved, and it was still isolated myeloid sarcoma. The skin mass disappeared completely after the induction chemotherapy of AML. Six months after the recurrence, the patient was in stable condition and was still under follow-up treatment.Conclusions:The primary nasopharyngeal myeloid sarcoma lacks specificity and is easy to be misdiagnosed. The prognosis of isolated myeloid sarcoma is better than that of AML. Isolated recurrence after chemotherapy remission is rare, and usually progresses to the leukemia stage quickly. Early and correct diagnosis is very important for the prognosis, and clinicians should improve the awareness of primary myeloid sarcoma.

Efficacy of 177Lu-PSMA-I&T in the treatment of prostate cancer / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of 177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-I&T on prostate cancer. Methods:The culture medium of 1.85, 18.50, 185.00, 555.00 and 925.00 MBq/L 177Lu-PSMA-I&T was added into LNCaP cells (200 μl/well, 5 experimental groups and 1 control group, 3 replicates in each group) for 24 h, and the cell viability in each group was detected. The culture medium of 3.7 MBq 177Lu-PSMA-I&T was added into LNCaP cells (1 experimental group, 1 control group, 3 replicates in each group) for 48 h to detect the changes of cell cycle. LNCaP cells (3 experimental groups and 1 control group, 3 replicates in each group) were added into the culture medium of 3.7, 19.5 and 37.0 MBq 177Lu-PSMA-I&T for 48 h to detect cell apoptosis. Tumor-bearing mice models were established (BALB/c-nu/nu nude mice, n=32). The changes of tumor volume and body mass of tumor-bearing mice were observed within 20 d after treatment. On the 7th day after treatment, tumor tissues of tumor-bearing mice were stained with HE staining and fluorescently stained with Ki-67 protein, and apoptosis was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. On the 20th day after treatment, pathological analysis was performed on the main viscera of the tumor-bearing mice. One-way analysis of variance, the least significant difference t test and paired t test were used to analyze the data. Results:Compared with the control group ((100.00±12.35)%), the cell survival rates were significantly decreased after 177Lu-PSMA-I&T intervention in 185.00, 555.00, 925.00 MBq/L groups ((57.56±6.35)%, (38.65±3.39)%, (27.95±4.48)%; F=78.91, t values: 8.312-14.106, all P<0.01). Cell survival rates were significantly reduced in 185.00 MBq/L group at different time points (24, 48 and 72 h; F=78.28, t values: 6.628-14.384, all P<0.01). The proportion of LNCaP cells in G2/M phase was increased from (12.36±0.28)% to (19.92±0.48)% ( t=17.180, P<0.01). The apoptosis rates of cells were significantly increased in 18.5 and 37.0 MBq groups ( F=71.86, t values: -6.138, -13.050, both P<0.05). The difference of relative tumor volume (RTV%) was statistically significant among 3.7, 14.8 and 29.6 MBq groups and control group (136.7±7.4, 59.2±23.8, 47.3±13.8 vs 240.3±3.7; F=78.20, t values: 7.549-13.345, all P<0.01). But there was no significant difference in body mass of tumor-bearing mice among groups. Compared with the control group, the positive rates of Ki-67 staining cells ((37.23±3.04)% vs (14.89±3.80)%, (5.60±1.83)%, (3.46±0.71)%) and TUNEL-fluorescein isothiocyanate (TUNEL-FITC) staining ((0.74±0.18)% vs (1.61±0.30)%, (3.19±0.44)%, (3.54±0.47)%) in tumor tissues of 3.7, 14.8 and 29.6 MBq groups were statistically significant ( F=103.91, t values: 10.429-15.762; F=38.66, t values: from -9.312 to -2.881, all P<0.01). Conclusions:177Lu-PSMA-I&T has a good therapeutic effect on prostate cancer, with no obvious therapeutic side effects. Therefore, 177Lu-PSMA-I&T is expected to be an ideal drug for treating prostate cancer.

Effectiveness of systematic sex education for adolescent students from the perspective of sexual mental health / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To conduct a comparative study on the specific effects of systematic sex education on adolescent students in terms of sexual cognition, sexual values, and sexual adaptation, and to provide the support for conducting a comprehensive education in middle schools.@*Methods@#A whole group sampling method was used to select 3 369 middle and high school students from six general and vocational middle schools in Sichuan Province, which were divided into systematic sex education schools and non systematic sex education schools, and a comparative study was conducted using the Adolescent Mental Health Scale.@*Results@#The results showed that the adolescent students who received systematic sex education were significantly different from those who did not receive systematic sex education in terms of sex related cognition (7.18±6.24, 5.65±7.40), sexual values(7.60±1.17，7.30±1.24), and sexual adjustment (11.49±1.29，11.10±1.41). All differed significantly ( t =5.95, 6.80,7.57, P <0.01). The students who received systematic education in junior middle school were higher than those who received non systematic education in sex related cognition, sexual values and sexual adaptation ( P <0.01). However, in senior high school, the differences in systematic education are only shown in sexual values control and self adaptation in sexual adjustment ( P <0.01). There were significant differences in sex related cognition, sexual values and sexual adjustment between male and female students who received systematic education and non systematic education ( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#Systematic sex education is more beneficial to the psychosexual health of adolescent students than non systematic sex education in schools.

Regional leptomeningeal collateral score on CT angiography predicts the outcome after endovascular therapy in patients with late window anterior circulation stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of regional leptomeningeal collateral (rLMC) score on CT angiography (CTA) for the outcome after endovascular therapy in patients with late window anterior circulation stroke.Methods:Patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke received endovascular treatment 6 to 24 h after onset in the Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2018 to July 2021 were enrolled retrospectively. At 3 months after onset, the outcome was evaluated according to the modified Rankin Scale. A score of ≤ 2 was defined as good outcome, and a score of >2 was defined as poor outcome. The clinical data, non-enhanced CT and CTA parameters of the patients were collected. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of poor outcomes after endovascular treatment. Results:A total of 74 patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke treated with endovascular treatment in the late window were enrolled. Their age was 64.41±12.98 years, 43 were males (58.1%). The baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 13.18±5.22, and the median time from onset to puncture was 527.5 min. Fifty-three patients (71.6%) chose direct thrombectomy and 21 (28.4%) chose intravenous thrombolysis and bridging thrombectomy. Thirty-six patients (48.6%) had a good outcome and 38 (51.4%) had a poor outcome, including 4 (5.4%) died. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, atrial fibrillation, fasting blood glucose, NIHSS score, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS), rLMC score and clot burden score between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher ASPECTS (odds ratio 0.352, 95% confidence interval 0.157-0.791; P=0.012) and rLMC score (odds ratio 0.550, 95% confidence interval 0.329-0.919; P=0.022) were the independent predictors of good outcomes after endovascular therapy. Conclusion:ASPECTS and rLMC scores were the independent predictors of clinical outcomes after endovascular therapy in patients with late window anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke. It had certain guiding value for the decision-making of endovascular treatment in such patients.

Expression and Purification of Hybrid LL-37Tα1 Peptide in Pichia pastoris and Evaluation of Its Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Activities by LPS Neutralization.

This study pertains to the new approach for the development of hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 and its biomedical applications. A linear cationic hybrid peptide, LL-37Tα1 was derived from two parental peptides (LL-37 and Tα1) recognized as potent anti-endotoxin without any hemolytic or cytotoxic activity. We successfully cloned the gene of hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 in PpICZαA vector and expressed in the Pichia pastoris. The recombinant peptide was purified by Ni-affinity column and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with an estimated molecular mass of 3.9 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. We analyzed the LPS neutralization by limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) activity and the results indicate that the hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 directly binds endotoxin and significantly (p < 0.05) neutralizes the effect of LPS in a dose-dependent manner. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay revealed that LL-37Tα1 successfully reduces the LPS-induced cytotoxicity in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, it significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the levels of nitric oxide, proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1ß, and diminished the number of apoptotic cells in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Our results suggest that the P. pastoris expression system is cost-effective for commercial production of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory hybrid peptide (IAHP) LL-37Tα1 and the peptide may serve as effective anti-endotoxin/anti-inflammatory agent with minimal cytotoxicity.

Awareness of and attitudes toward translational medicine among health personnel in hospitals in Shanghai, China.

OBJECTIVE: The study aim was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of hospital health personnel toward translational medicine. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey from July 2013 to September 2013 with a representative sample of 1690 health personnel from 13 large comprehensive or specialized hospitals in Shanghai, China. RESULTS: The results showed that awareness of and attitudes toward translational medicine significantly differed by gender, age, highest level of education, profession, and professional rank. Health personnel showed a highly positive attitude toward translational medicine; however, their knowledge of translational medicine was low. CONCLUSION: Effective measures are needed to improve health personnel's awareness of and attitudes toward translational medicine.

177Lu-PSMA-I&T automated radiolabeling and preclinical prostate cancer targeting research / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective@#To synthesis 177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-I&T with automated module, evaluate the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics in mice and study the targeting property in human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP Clone FGC.@*Methods@#The iQS-TS automated module was applied in labeling 177Lu-PSMA-I&T. Radiochemical purity and stability were determined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The biodistribution was observed in normal ICR mice and U-SPECT/CT imaging was performed in LNCaP Clone FGC tumor-bearing mice. Independent-sample t test was used to analyze the data.@*Results@#177Lu-PSMA-I&T was stable in vitro and in vivo, with the radiolabeled yield of (91.5±4.9)% and radiochemical purity >99%. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 177Lu-PSMA-I&T binding to LNCaP Clone FGC cells was (26.74±3.53) nmol/L. The uptake of 177Lu-PSMA-I&T by LNCaP Clone FGC cells increased with time and significantly decreased after the inhibitor addition (t values: 4.301-27.483, all P<0.05). 177Lu-PSMA-I&T was cleared from blood rapidly and predominantly excreted by kidneys. Significant radioactive uptake was observed in tumors with a long retention time.@*Conclusion@#177Lu-PSMA-I&T can be produced in a convenient and efficient procedure using iQS-TS automated module, with good biological properties and excellent affinity and targeting property towards prostate cancer cells, which making it a potential radiopharmaceutical for prostate cancer therapy.

Comparison of predicting scales for symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after stroke thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator / 中华神经科杂志

Objective@#Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) is one of the severe complications of ischemic stroke thrombolysis. Several prognostic scales have been developed to predict the risk of sICH. The performance of seven scales was compared in a single center cohort.@*Methods@#Data of patients with consecutive ischemic stroke who received 0.9 mg/kg intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) thrombolysis within 4.5 h time window from stroke onset were collected. Seven scales that can provide an estimate of risk of sICH were identified and evaluated: Hemorrhage After Thrombolysis (HAT), blood Sugar, Early infarct signs, (hyper) Dense cerebral artery sign, Age, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Stroke Scale (SEDAN), Stroke Prognostication using Age and NIH Stroke Scale (SPAN)-100, Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke (SITS), Total Health Risks In Vascular Events (THRIVE), Glucose at presentation, Race (Asia), Age, Sex (male), systolic blood Pressure at presentation, and Severity of stroke at presentation (NIH Stroke Scale; GRASPS) and Multicenter Stroke Survey (MSS). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was calculated and Logistic regression and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test were also performed.@*Results@#The current study included 293 patients, of whom 7.85% (23/293) had sICH by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (SICHNINDS), 5.46% (16/293) by Europe Cooperative Acute Stroke Study Ⅱ (SICHECASSⅡ) and 4.44% (13/293) by Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke (SICHSITS) criteria. SEDAN had the highest AUROC for predicting sICH: sICHNINDS: AUROC=0.843, OR=3.167, 95%CI 2.106-4.762, P<0.01; sICHECASSⅡ: AUROC=0.797, OR=2.509, 95%CI 1.652-3.812, P<0.01; sICHSITS: AUROC=0.784, OR=2.172, 95%CI 1.405-3.357, P<0.01. And SPAN-100 had the lowest AUROC among all the seven scales and was only associated with risk of SICHNINDS in regression analysis. Furthermore, when sub-grouped the cohort into anterior circulation infarction and posterior circulation infarction, regression analysis suggested that all the seven scales were however not associated with sICH risk in patients with posterior circulation infarction.@*Conclusions@#SEDAN constantly had the highest predictive power, SPAN-100 had the worst. The seven scales studied could not predict sICH in posterior circulation infarction.

Positioning analysis of Shanghai′ s tertiary public hospitals in the development of health service industry / 中华医院管理杂志

In the development of Shanghai′s health services, tertiary public hospitals play an important role, and their positioning deserves in-depth research.The authors sorted out the relevant laws and policies of the state and Shanghai, clarified the relevant policy basis of tertiary public hospitals in the development of health service industry on the premise of public welfare, and proposed the functional orientation of these hospitals in the industry. Their roles include namely, proper provision of special medical services, focused efforts on the transformation of medical scientific and technological achievements, active cooperation with private medical institutions on contract basis, and promotion of the cluster development of health service industry chain.At the same time, the authors put forward policy suggestions to support the development of health industry in Shanghai′s tertiary public hospitals.